1. Gutondekanya ibyapa (harimo ibyuma bya strip):

1. Gutondekanya kubyimbye: (1) Isahani yoroheje (2) Isahani yo hagati (3) Isahani ndende (4) Isahani yimbitse

2. Bishyizwe muburyo bwo gukora: (1) Icyuma gishyushye gishyushye (2) Icyuma gikonje

3. Gutondekanya kubiranga uburinganire:

4. Gutondeka ukoresheje: ) Icyuma cyamashanyarazi (urupapuro rwicyuma cya silicon) (9) Isahani yicyuma (10) Abandi

2. Kuzunguruka bishyushye:

Gutoragura ibishishwa Bishyushye Bishyushye Byubatswe Ibyuma byububiko Amashanyarazi Ibyuma byubaka Amashanyarazi Amashanyarazi Icyuma Ikirahure Icyuma Icyuma Icyuma Icyuma Icyuma kirimo ibyuma byangiza ruswa Simbuza ubukonje nubushyuhe bwa Baosteel Ububiko bunini kandi buremereye Ibyuma birinda umuriro kandi byangiza ikirere

3. Ubukonje bukonje:

Amashanyarazi akomeye azengurutswe Amashanyarazi akonje

4. Guteka isahani yicyuma no kwica icyuma:

1. Icyuma gitetse ni isahani yicyuma gishyushye kiva mubyuma bisanzwe bya karubone byubaka ibyuma.Guteka ibyuma ni ubwoko bwibyuma hamwe na deoxidation ituzuye.Gusa umubare munini wa deoxidizer ufite intege nke zikoreshwa mugukuraho ibyuma bishongeshejwe.Umwuka wa ogisijeni urimo ibyuma bishongeshejwe ni mwinshi.Iyo ibyuma bishongeshejwe byatewe mububiko bwa ingot, karubone na ogisijeni bigira ingaruka kubyara gaze nyinshi, bigatuma ibyuma bishongeshejwe., Ibyuma bitetse byabonye izina ryibi.Ibyuma bizengurutswe bifite karubone nkeya, kandi kubera ko idakoresha ferrosilicon mu kwangiza, ibirimo silikoni mu byuma nabyo ni bike (Si <0.07%).Igice cyo hanze cyibyuma bitetse kirabikwa mugihe cyimiterere yubugizi bwa nabi bwicyuma gishongeshejwe giterwa no gutekwa, bityo igorofa yo hejuru irasukuye kandi yuzuye, ifite ubuziranenge bwubuso bwiza, plastike nziza hamwe na kashe, nta mwobo munini uhunikwamo, no gutema umutwe Igipimo cy'umusaruro w'ibyuma bizengurutse biroroshye, gukoresha ferroalloy ni nto, kandi igiciro cy'ibyuma ni gito.Ibyuma bitetse bikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibice bitandukanye byo guteramo kashe, ubwubatsi nubwubatsi ndetse nibice bimwe byingenzi byimashini.Nyamara, hari umwanda mwinshi murwego rwibyuma bitetse, gutandukanya birakomeye, imiterere ntabwo yuzuye, kandi nubukanishi ntiburinganiye.Muri icyo gihe, kubera gaze nyinshi mu byuma, ubukana buri hasi, ubukonje bukabije hamwe no kumva gusaza ni binini, kandi imikorere yo gusudira nayo ni mibi.Kubwibyo rero, amasahani yatetse ntabwo akwiriye gukora inganda zasuditswe nizindi nyubako zingenzi zikorera imitwaro yingaruka kandi ikora mubihe by'ubushyuhe buke.

2. Icyuma cyishe icyapa nicyuma gikozwe mubyuma bisanzwe bya karubone byubatswe byica ibyuma bizunguruka.Ibyuma byiciwe ni ibyuma byangiza.Icyuma gishongeshejwe cyuzuyemo ferromanganese, ferrosilicon na aluminium mbere yo gusuka.Umwuka wa ogisijeni uri mu byuma bishongeshejwe ni muke (ubusanzwe 0.002-0.003%), kandi ibyuma bishongeshejwe biratuje muburyo bwa ingot.Nta kintu kibira, niyo mpamvu izina ryibyuma byishe.Mugihe gisanzwe gikora, ntagituba kiri mubyuma byiciwe, kandi imiterere irasa kandi iroroshye;bitewe na ogisijeni nkeya, ibyuma birimo okiside nkeya, isuku nyinshi, ubukonje bukabije hamwe no gusaza;icyarimwe, gutandukanya ibyuma byiciwe ni bito, Imikorere irasa kandi ireme ni ryinshi.Ingaruka z'ibyuma byiciwe ni kugabanuka kugabanuka, umusaruro muke nigiciro kinini.Kubwibyo, ibyuma byishe bikoreshwa cyane cyane mubice bihanganira ingaruka kubushyuhe buke, ibyubatswe, nibindi bikoresho bisaba imbaraga nyinshi.

Ibyuma biciriritse byibyuma byicwa kandi byicwa igice.Bitewe n'imbaraga zayo nyinshi n'imikorere isumba iyindi, irashobora kuzigama ibyuma byinshi no kugabanya uburemere bwimiterere, ikoreshwa ryayo ryabaye ryinshi.

5. Icyuma cyiza cya karubone cyubatswe:

Ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bya karubone ni ibyuma bya karubone bifite karubone iri munsi ya 0.8%.Iki cyuma kirimo sulfure nkeya, fosifore hamwe n’ibindi bitari ibyuma kuruta ibyuma byubaka karubone, kandi bifite imiterere yubukanishi.

Ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bwa karubone birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye bya karubone: ibyuma bya karubone nkeya (C≤0.25%), ibyuma bya karuboni yo hagati (C ni 0,25-0,6%) hamwe nicyuma kinini cya karubone (C> 0.6 %).

Ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye bya manganese, ibyuma byubatswe byujuje ubuziranenge bya karubone birashobora kugabanywamo amatsinda abiri: ibisanzwe bya manganese (ibirimo manganese 0,25% -0.8%) hamwe n’ibindi byinshi bya manganese (ibirimo manganese 0,70% -1,20%).Iyanyuma ifite ubukanishi bwiza.Imikorere no gutunganya imikorere.

1. Ibyuma bya karubone byujuje ubuziranenge ibyuma bishyushye bizengurutswe hamwe nicyuma cyicyuma Icyuma cyiza cya karubone cyubatswe nicyuma gishyushye cyoroshye kandi cyuma gikoreshwa mumodoka, inganda zindege nizindi nzego.Ibyiciro byayo byuma ni ibyuma bizengurutse: 08F, 10F, 15F;ibyuma byishe: 08, 08AL, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50. Ibyuma bya karubone biri munsi ya 25 na 25, 30 na Hejuru ya 30 ni icyuma giciriritse giciriritse.

2. Ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bya karubone byubatswe bishyushye bizengurutswe nibyuma byuma hamwe nu byuma bigari.Ibyiciro byibyuma byayo ni ibyuma bya karubone nkeya harimo: 05F, 08F, 08, 10F, 10, 15F, 15, 20F, 20, 25, 20Mn, 25Mn, nibindi.;ibyuma biciriritse biciriritse birimo: 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 30Mn, 40Mn, 50Mn, 60Mn, nibindi.;ibyuma byinshi bya karubone birimo: 65, 70, 65Mn, nibindi

6. Icyapa kidasanzwe cyubatswe:

1. Isahani yicyuma cyumuvuduko: Koresha inyuguti nkuru R kugirango urangize amanota.Urwego rushobora kugaragazwa numusaruro cyangwa ibirimo karubone cyangwa ibintu bivanga.Nka: Q345R, Q345 niyo ngingo yo gutanga umusaruro.Urundi rugero: 20R, 16MnR, 15MnVR, 15MnVNR, 8MnMoNbR, MnNiMoNbR, 15CrMoR, nibindi byose bigaragazwa nibirimo karubone cyangwa ibintu bivanga.

2. Isahani yicyuma cyo gusudira silindiri ya gaz: Koresha igishoro HP kugirango ugaragaze ko urangije icyiciro, kandi amanota yacyo ashobora kugaragazwa numusaruro, nka: Q295HP, Q345HP;irashobora kandi kugaragazwa nibintu bivangavanze, nka: 16MnREHP.

3. Isahani yicyuma kubiteke: Koresha inyuguti nto g kugirango werekane kumpera yizina ryikirango.Urwego rwarwo rushobora kugaragazwa numusaruro, nka: Q390g;irashobora kandi kugaragazwa nibirimo karubone cyangwa ibintu bivangavanze, nka 20g, 22Mng, 15CrMog, 16Mng, 19Mng, 13MnNiCrMoNbg, 12Cr1MoVg, nibindi.

4. Isahani yicyuma kubiraro: Koresha inyuguti nto q kugirango werekane ko urangije icyiciro, nka Q420q, 16Mnq, 14MnNbq, nibindi.

5. Isahani yicyuma kumodoka: Koresha umurwa mukuru L kugirango ugaragaze ko urangije amanota, nka 09MnREL, 06TiL, 08TiL, 10TiL, 09SiVL, 16MnL, 16MnREL, nibindi.