304, ni ikirango cyibyuma, izina ryabanyamerika.Izina ryacyo ryigishinwa ni 06Cr19Ni10, rigoye cyane kandi riragoye gusoma, nuko duhitamo kubyita "304 ibyuma bidafite ingese".
Ibyuma 304 bidafite ingese ni kimwe nicyiciro cyibiribwa 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda?Ntabwo ari kimwe!Urwego rwibiryo nibirango, ni sisitemu ebyiri, ariko hariho amahuriro atabarika.Nkumugabo ushobora kuba umugabo na se - umugabo agomba kuba se?Ntabwo ari ngombwa.

Umwanya w'icyuma udafite umwanda ni kimwe, ikirango kigena kwihanganira kwangirika kwicyuma.Yaba urwego rwibiryo, usibye kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma gisabwa ibyuma, ariko kandi no kurongora, chromium, nikel, kadmium, arsenic ibipimo bitanu biremereye byerekana imvura.
Nyuma, byagaragaye ko ibyuma bidafite ingese bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa n’imvura iremereye ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa n’ikirango.Mu rwego rw’igihugu rero GB9684-2011 "ibipimo by’umutekano w’ibiribwa mu gihugu Ibisabwa ku bicuruzwa by’ibyuma bitagira umwanda, birahagarikwa, bisaba gusa ibyuma biremereye (byahinduwe mu bundi buryo, ariko mu byukuri kandi ni ikimenyetso cya JiuGuo hafi), bityo rero ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu byuma bitagira umwanda, ni kwibeshya kubirango bisabwa, ariko mugihe kimwe, mugihe cyose gishobora kugera kurwego rwibiribwa, Ugomba kuba ushobora kugera byibuze 304 urwego rwicyuma.

Noneho, ibyiciro byibiribwa 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese ni 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese kugirango byuzuze igipimo cyimvura iremereye;Kandi ibyuma bisanzwe 304 bidafite ingese, ntabwo bigeragezwa na GB 9684.
Izina ryibisanzwe byigihugu byigihugu GB 9684 nigipimo cyigihugu cyumutekano wibiribwa Ibicuruzwa bitagira umwanda.Ibipimo ngenderwaho byigihugu byasimbuwe muri 2017 na GB 4806.9-2016 Igipimo cy’igihugu gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa n’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu guhuza ibiribwa (iki gipimo gishya gihuza ibipimo bibiri by’umwimerere by’igihugu bikoreshwa mu byuma bitagira umwanda (GB 9684) na aluminium (GB 11333) ).

Nukuvuga ko ibyiciro byibiribwa ibyuma bidafite ingese bihuye nubuziranenge bwigihugu giteganijwe GB4806.9-2016 "Umutekano wibiribwa murwego rwigihugu ibiribwa bihura nibikoresho byibyuma nibicuruzwa" ibyuma bitagira umwanda.
Kubireba ibikoresho byo mu cyuma bidafite ingese, igipimo gishya cy’IGIHUGU (GB 4806.9) giteganya:
4.1.3.
Muri iki gipimo cy’IGIHUGU, gutanga ikizamini cyo kwimuka, shyira ibikoresho byuma bidafite umwanda mubisubizo byibiryo byigana (muri rusange igisubizo cya acide) kugirango wibizwe, nyuma yo kugera ku kizamini cyagenwe niba hari ibintu bimwe mubisubizo, nkuko bigaragara mumeza ikurikira

Nkuko bigaragara kumeza, ibintu byangiza birimo arsenic, kadmium, gurş, chromium, nikel nibindi bintu bitanu, mugihe ibintu bitanu mubisubizo byikizamini bitarenze agaciro kateganijwe mumeza, urashobora gutangaza ko ibi icyiciro cyibikoresho nicyiciro cyibiribwa ibyuma bitagira umwanda.
Turi mu kugura ibikoresho byo kumeza (mubyukuri twavuze ngo "ibikoresho byo kumeza" ntabwo aribisanzwe, bigomba kuba "ibiryo byangiza ibyuma"), dukwiye kubona cyane cyane ibipfunyika bifite amagambo "GB4806.9-2016 ″, gusa binyuze mukumenya ibicuruzwa, turashobora kwizeza kugura.

By the way: bimwe mubicuruzwa bidafite umwanda bizakina "ibiryo byibyokurya 304 ″ kashe yicyuma, mubyukuri, tuzi ubwonko buke," 304 ″ ubwayo ntabwo ari izina ryigishinwa, ni gute iyi kashe ishobora kuba ububasha bwikimenyetso?
Ibirango nkibi biracyari ibicuruzwa bitemewe, kandi nta "labels" yemewe muri Standard.Igice cya 4 gusa "Ibindi" bivuga kuranga mumyandiko yumwimerere.4.1: "Guhuza ibiryo" byanditseho ibicuruzwa cyangwa ibicuruzwa byibuze.Nta mabwiriza cyangwa ibindi bintu byiyongera.
Niba rero kashe cyangwa idahari, ntidukwiye gusuzuma ubwiza bwibyuma bitagira umwanda.Nubundi iyo nteruro, reba niba hari "GB4806.9-2016 ″ kuri paki, gusa byizewe.

Ibyiciro byibiribwa bidafite ibyuma cyane cyane bifite 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda hamwe nicyuma 316
1. 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese birashobora kurwanya ruswa hamwe na okiside yibintu bya shimi.Ibikoresho bisanzwe byotsa ibyuma bitagira umuyonga biri hejuru ya 304. 2, 316 ibyuma bidafite ingese nibyiza, birimo nikel 10%, birwanya ruswa nyinshi, bikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi, nta mvura ya ion yaguye, umutekano cyane

Urwego rwibiryo 304 na SUS304 itandukaniro ryicyuma
SUS304 bivuga ibyuma 304 bidafite ingese.SUS nigipimo cyibikoresho byabayapani, ibyuma 304 bidafite ingese bikozwe muburyo bwa ASTM bwabanyamerika bwikimenyetso cyicyuma.304 ihwanye n’Ubushinwa 06Cr19Ni10 ibyuma bitagira umwanda, Ubuyapani nabwo bwavuze Amerika y’izina, bwitwa: SUS304.SUS304 ntabwo byanze bikunze ibyiciro byibiribwa bidafite ibyuma, iyi ni ikirango cyabayapani.

Ibyo bita "urwego rwibiryo", "urwego rwindege", "urwego rwubuvuzi" cyangwa amagambo asa, bihuye nibipimo byigihugu, reba ibyuma gusa ntushobora kumenya ko ari "urwego rwa XX" nka 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda gusa ahagarariye ibyuma bijyanye n’imikorere y’ibipimo 304 bitagira umuyonga mu rwego rw’igihugu, Gusa bijyanye n’igihugu (GB 4806.9-2016 Ibipimo by’umutekano w’ibiribwa ku rwego rw’ibiribwa ku bikoresho by’ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa) 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda nukuri “ urwego rwibiryo "ibyuma bitagira umwanda.
Icya gatatu, nubwo ibikoresho fatizo bifashisha ibyokurya nyabyo ibiryo bitagira umwanda, ariko ibicuruzwa byanyuma birashobora kugera kuri "urwego rwibiryo" biracyakenewe kubona urwego rutunganyirizwa hamwe nibikoresho byo hanze, gusa byose bijyanye nibipimo byigihugu byibicuruzwa bifite umutekano "Urwego rwibiryo" ibicuruzwa bitagira umwanda.

Mubyongeyeho, icyiciro cya 304 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga kugirango bitandukane, kuko ukurikije urwego / inkomoko / ukurikije ibipimo bitandukanye, ibintu byihariye bigize imiterere nibintu byahinduwe.
X5crni18-10 - Ibipimo mpuzamahanga (Kugereranya Imbonerahamwe yibirango bitagira umwanda ku isi)
304 / S30400 - Igipimo cyabanyamerika (ASTM Igipimo ASTM A312 Icyuma Cyuma Cyubushinwa)
SUS304 - JIS G3459 Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma
06Cr19Ni10 - GB / T 20878-2007 Ibyuma bitagira umwanda hamwe nubushyuhe bwicyuma hamwe nibigize imiti